How to Plan a New Landscape Installation: A 5-Step Guide
A blank slate can be overwhelming. Whether you're standing in front of a new-build home with a patch of bare dirt or you've just cleared an old, overgrown area, the first question is always, "Where do I even begin?"
A beautiful, cohesive, and low-maintenance landscape doesn't happen by accident. It's the result of a smart, simple plan.
We've developed this 5-step guide to help you think like a professional designer. This is the exact process we use to plan a new landscape installation. This is a foundational part of our Central VA Landscape & Garden Guide, designed to help you build a garden you'll love for years.
Start with Your "Why": Function First
Before you buy a single plant, ask yourself: What is the job of this space? The answer will guide every other decision.
"Curb Appeal": Is the job to frame your house and look great from the street? This means focusing on four-season structure and color.
"Privacy": Is the job to block a nosy neighbor or an ugly view? This means your plan will be built around a living "green screen" of hedges or evergreens.
"An Outdoor Room": Is the job to create a space for relaxing and entertaining? This means the landscape will be designed around a hardscape, like a patio or fire pit.
Assess Your Site: Sun, Soil, & Water
This is the "boring" step that saves you thousands of dollars. You must plant what wants to live on your property, not what just looks good at the nursery.
Sun Exposure: "Full Sun" (6+ hours), "Part Shade" (3-6 hours), or "Full Shade" (less than 3 hours)? This is the #1 rule for plant selection.
Soil: In our area, the answer is almost always heavy clay. You must choose plants that can handle it. (See our guide to Best Plants for Virginia Clay Soil).
Water: Is this a low, wet spot that holds water after a rain? Or is it a dry, hot slope?
Create "Structure" with Evergreens & Shrubs
This is the most common mistake homeowners make: they only buy flowers (perennials). A garden of only perennials looks like a bare, mulched-over patch of dirt for 5 months of the year.
Your landscape needs "bones." This is the structure that looks good even in the middle of January.
Start with evergreens: These are the plants that stay green all year (like Hollies, Boxwoods, or Junipers). They create the permanent shape of your garden.
Add deciduous shrubs: These are the larger shrubs that lose their leaves but provide big seasonal shows (like Hydrangeas, Fothergilla, or Weigela).
Add Color & Texture with Perennials
After your structure is in place, you can "paint" with perennials. These are the colorful, flowering plants that come back every year.
Plant in Groups: Don't buy one of ten different things (the "polka dot" look). Buy 3, 5, or 7 of one plant (like Black-Eyed Susans) and plant them in a cluster. This creates a bold, professional "drift" of color that has a much bigger impact.
Plan for 4-Season Interest: Choose a mix of plants that bloom at different times. Get something for spring (like Fothergilla), something for summer (like Coneflower), and something for fall (like Chokeberry).
Define the Space: Edging & Mulch
This is the final, professional step that makes a landscape look "finished."
Install Edging: A clean, deep edge (whether it's a natural "spade edge" or a permanent stone border) is the frame for your painting. It keeps the lawn out and the mulch in.
Apply Mulch: A 2-3 inch layer of high-quality hardwood mulch is the final touch. It suppresses weeds, retains moisture, and ties the entire design together with a single, uniform color.
Let Us Bring Your Vision to Life
Planning a new landscape is a big project. If you're ready to turn your vision into a professional, low-maintenance reality, we're here to help.
We are a fully insured team that can handle the entire process, from the initial design to the final installation.
Ready to start your new build? Learn about our Landscape Installation process.
Have an existing garden that needs help? See our Landscape Restoration services.